Their system solved power management issues by adding an additional timing circuit using MOSFETs and flip-flops with the timing of the system’s clock.Īnother method that is commonly used to conserve power is using a power relay. Over time, the system has developed to the point where the required skills to operate and develop the system have been reduced, increasing the accessibility of the device for a wider range of users. Power management was crucial for this project as their project was deployed in remote, aquatic locations and having someone replace the battery frequently was impractical. The goal of this system is to develop a low cost system for aquatic environments that collected data remotely in real time. Ī project aimed toward creating a low cost environmental monitoring system is Smart Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Technologies (SEMAT). Power management in sensor deployment is crucial for creating a long-lasting battery life since the energy resources are limited. While many microprocessors are capable of going into low-power sleep modes to conserve battery, the sensors and other system components may continue to draw current during down-time, wasting battery. These tasks are normally done through different hardware- which commonly require three different pieces: real time clocks (RTCs), SD card memory for data storage, as well as power relays for turning peripherals on and off. Such examples are high-precision time keeping for scheduling sample cycles, saving collected data, as well as powering sensors on and off to conserve power. Although the variety of what can be measured and for what purposes vary widely, there are certain tasks that are common among a majority of these different projects. In situ sensor systems translate environmental phenomena at their field site into data that are logged to media (often SD card) to be retrieved for research. The design as well as a suite of code functions that enable the user to configure all the Hypnos board features are detailed. By integrating all these components into a single PCB, we save cost while significantly reducing physical system size. The onboard RTC acts as an alarm clock that wakes a user-attached microprocessor from low-power sleep modes in between sample cycles. The hardware is laid out in a “Feather” form factor, a popular configuration in the open-source hardware community, to easily mate with other industry standard products. To enable faster prototyping, the Openly Published Environmental Sensing Lab abstracted all of these requirements into a single printed circuit board (PCB), Hypnos, that can be included in any project to achieve these commonly-required capabilities: powering on and off connected sensors on a schedule and logging collected data to the removable SD card. These tasks are commonly accomplished through integrating separate off-the-shelf components into the desired system such as: power relays, SD card hardware, Real-Time Clocks (RTCs), and coin cell batteries. Sensor-management systems typically perform three fundamental tasks: sample sensors at a specified time or period, save data onto retrievable media, and switch power to components on and off in between sample cycles to conserve battery energy and increase field operation time. Open source in-situ environmental sensor hardware continues to expand across the globe for a variety of applications.
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